DEEP RESEARCH · 반도체 유리기판
반도체용 유리 기판 공정과 슈미드그룹-아바코의 역할
AI·HPC 패키징 시대에 유리 기판이 왜 중요해지는지, 공정별 병목과 장비업체 포지션을 정리한다.
0. 결론 먼저
내가 보는 핵심은 유리 기판 그 자체보다 공정 장비의 통합 능력이다. TGV 가공, 식각, 금속화, 도금, 검사까지 이어지는 흐름에서 슈미드와 아바코의 협력은 유리 기판 양산 생태계가 열릴 때 의미 있는 포지션을 만들 수 있다.
유리 기판은 기존 유기 소재 기판을 대체할 후보로 부상하고 있다. 열적 특성과 치수 안정성, 고밀도 인터커넥트 구현 가능성 때문에 인텔, AMD, 브로드컴, 엔비디아 같은 글로벌 반도체 기업들이 도입을 검토하고 있고, 국내에서는 SKC 앱솔릭스, 삼성전기, LG이노텍 등이 개발을 진행 중이다.
공식 사실: 원문은 시장 보고서를 인용해 전 세계 유리 기판 시장이 2034년까지 약 42억 달러, 원화 약 6조 원 규모로 확대될 수 있다고 정리했다. 인텔은 2023년 9월 유리 기판 개발과 2020년대 후반 적용 계획을 공개한 바 있다.
해석: 시장은 아직 초기 단계다. 그래서 단기 실적보다 고객 검증, 장비 수주, 양산 수율, 공정비 절감이 투자 포인트의 선행지표가 된다.
1. 유리 기판이 주목받는 이유
차세대 고성능 반도체 패키징에서는 칩렛과 AI 가속기 수요가 커질수록 기판의 전기적·기계적 안정성이 중요해진다. 유리는 열팽창과 평탄도 측면에서 장점이 있고, 더 미세한 배선과 대면적 패키징을 구현할 수 있는 후보로 거론된다.
소재 공급 단계에서는 SCHOTT, Corning, AGC 같은 특수 유리 업체가 얇고 평탄한 유리 웨이퍼와 판재를 공급한다. 원문은 SCHOTT의 기판·웨이퍼 설명을 참고 자료로 걸어 두었다: SCHOTT 기판 및 웨이퍼.
2. 공정 흐름: 유리 판재에서 패키징 기판까지
| 공정 | 핵심 역할 | 관련 업체/포인트 |
|---|---|---|
| 유리 판재 준비 | 다운드로우 등으로 얇고 평탄한 유리 확보, 강화·연마 | SCHOTT, Corning, AGC |
| 레이저 TGV | 수십 마이크로미터급 관통 비아 형성 | 필옵틱스, LPKF 등 |
| 습식 식각 | HF 계열 식각으로 미세 균열·잔류물 제거, 홀 형상 보정 | SCHMID의 습식 공정 노하우 |
| 메탈라이제이션 | 스퍼터링으로 Ti/Cu 등 시드층 형성 | AVACO의 대형 스퍼터 장비 경험 |
| 전기도금·패터닝 | 비아와 표면 배선을 구리로 채우고 회로화 | SCHMID의 PCB/기판 도금 역량 |
| 검사·신뢰성 | 비아 충진, 표면 결함, 워페이지, 전기적 연결성 검증 | 양산 수율의 관문 |
공식 사실: 원문은 필옵틱스가 10마이크로미터 내외 초미세 홀 가공이 가능한 레이저 TGV 장비를 개발했다고 언급하며 아시아경제 기사와 LPKF의 LIDE 네트워크 기사를 연결했다.
3. 슈미드-아바코 협력의 의미
아바코는 디스플레이 대형 스퍼터 장비 경험을 바탕으로 유리 기판용 연속식 진공 금속화 장비를 슈미드와 함께 개발한 것으로 소개된다. 이 장비는 플라즈마 기반 표면 세척·식각과 금속막 증착을 인라인으로 묶어 미세 패턴용 시드층을 균일하게 형성하는 데 초점이 있다.
슈미드는 PCB 및 반도체 기판용 습식 공정, 식각, 도금, 세정 시스템 경험을 갖고 있다. 원문은 슈미드가 70년 이상의 장비 경험과 유기·유리 기판용 솔루션을 제시한다는 점을 장점으로 본다.
건식 금속화
디스플레이 스퍼터 기술을 유리 기판용 시드층 증착으로 확장한다.
습식·도금·턴키
식각, 세정, 도금, 패터닝 경험으로 공정 통합에 강점이 있다.
양산형 장비군
개별 장비보다 라인 전체를 묶어 고객 검증과 수율 확보를 겨냥한다.
해석: 유리 기판 시장이 열리면 단품 장비보다 공정 간 연결성이 중요해진다. 아바코는 금속화, 슈미드는 습식과 도금이라는 역할 분담이 명확하다는 점에서 협력의 논리가 있다.
4. 경쟁 구도와 리스크
경쟁사는 레이저 TGV의 필옵틱스, LPKF, 유리 소재 업체, 도금·식각·검사 장비 업체까지 넓다. 유리 기판은 하나의 장비가 아니라 공정 생태계 전체의 문제이므로, 고객사가 어떤 공정 조합을 채택하느냐가 중요하다.
- 기회: AI 가속기, HPC, 칩렛 기반 패키지가 늘면 고밀도 인터커넥트 수요가 커질 수 있다.
- 장비 수요: 기판 면적 증가와 대판 유리 기판 제조가 확산되면 금속화·도금·검사 장비 기회가 열린다.
- 리스크: 높은 수율 확보, 코스트 다운, 고객 내재화, 경쟁사 추격, 채택 지연이 모두 변수다.
5. 내 투자 체크포인트
나는 이 분야를 볼 때 단순히 “유리 기판 테마”로 접근하기보다 실제 양산 라인의 병목을 추적하려고 한다. 체크할 것은 고객사 파일럿 라인, 장비 검증, 반복 수주, 식각·도금·금속화 수율, 그리고 패키징 업체의 공정 로드맵이다.
결론적으로 슈미드와 아바코는 유리 기판 시대의 잠재적 장비 수혜주로 볼 수 있다. 다만 시장이 2020년대 후반부터 본격 성장할 가능성이 있다는 원문의 전제처럼, 지금은 기대보다 검증 지표를 더 봐야 하는 구간이다.
출처
- 출처 1: https://www.schott.com/ko-kr/products/substrates-and-wafers-p1000335#:~:text=%EA%B8%B0%ED%8C%90%20%EB%B0%8F%20%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4%ED%8D%BC%20,%EB%A7%A4%EC%9A%B0%20%EB%82%AE%EC%9D%80%20%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4%ED%8D%BC%20%ED%8F%89%ED%83%84%EB%8F%84%EB%A5%BC%20%EB%8B%AC%EC%84%B1%ED%95%A9%EB%8B%88%EB%8B%A4
- 출처 2: https://cm.asiae.co.kr/article/2025010910012268674#:~:text=match%20at%20L124%20TGV%20%EC%9E%A5%EB%B9%84%EB%8A%94,%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%80%20%EC%97%85%EC%B2%B4%EB%8A%94%20%EC%A0%84%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%81%EC%9C%BC%EB%A1%9C%20%ED%95%84%EC%98%B5%ED%8B%B1%EC%8A%A4%EA%B0%80%20%EC%9C%A0%EC%9D%BC%ED%95%98%EB%8B%A4
- 출처 3: https://www.wileyindustrynews.com/en/news/lpkf-builds-network-innovate-glass-substrate-production#:~:text=LPKF%20assists%20customers%20in%20adopting,integration%20into%20the%20individual%20ecosystem
- 출처 4: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=venture%2C%20Schmid,in%20glass%20substrate%20packaging%20processes
- 출처 5: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Schmid,driven%20electronic%20devices
- 출처 6: https://iconnect007.com/article/112938/schmid-and-avaco-collaborate-on-vacuum-processing-systems/112941/pcb#:~:text=SCHMID%2C%20a%20key%20technology%20supplier,joint%20venture%20will%20focus%20on
- 출처 7: https://schmid-group.com/schmid-group-presents-breakthrough-solutions-for-substrate-production-including-proprietary-embedded-trace-technology-for-organic-and-glass-substrates-at-international-semiconductor-executive-summit/#:~:text=integration%2C%20and%20greater%20COWOS%20design,solutions%20to%20streamline%20their%20operations
- 출처 8: https://schmid-group.com/schmid-group-presents-breakthrough-solutions-for-substrate-production-including-proprietary-embedded-trace-technology-for-organic-and-glass-substrates-at-international-semiconductor-executive-summit/#:~:text=%2A%20Offering%20more%20than%2070,solutions%20to%20streamline%20their%20operations
- 출처 9: https://cm.asiae.co.kr/article/2025010910012268674#:~:text=%EA%B3%A0%ED%92%88%EC%A7%88%EB%AF%B8%EC%84%B8%20%ED%99%80%EC%9D%84%20%EB%9A%AB%EB%8A%94%20%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%80%20TGV,%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8%EC%97%90%20%EA%B3%B5%EA%B8%89%ED%95%98%EB%A9%B4%EC%84%9C%20%EC%82%AC%EC%97%85%EC%9D%84%20%ED%99%95%EB%8C%80%ED%95%98%EA%B3%A0%20%EC%9E%88%EB%8B%A4
- 출처 10: https://schmid-group.com/schmid-group-presents-breakthrough-solutions-for-substrate-production-including-proprietary-embedded-trace-technology-for-organic-and-glass-substrates-at-international-semiconductor-executive-summit/#:~:text=,solutions%20to%20streamline%20their%20operations
- 출처 11: https://www.etoday.co.kr/news/view/2445551#:~:text=%ED%95%84%EC%98%B5%ED%8B%B1%EC%8A%A4%2C%20%EC%9C%A0%EB%A6%AC%EA%B8%B0%ED%8C%90%20%EB%B6%84%EB%A6%AC%20%EC%9E%A5%EB%B9%84%20%EA%B3%A0%EA%B0%9D%EC%82%AC%EC%99%80,%EC%8B%A0%EC%9E%A5%EB%B9%84%EB%8A%94%20%EC%A0%95%EB%B0%80%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%BC%20%EC%86%8D%EB%8F%84%20%EB%A9%B4
- 출처 12: https://cm.asiae.co.kr/article/2025010910012268674#:~:text=match%20at%20L124%20TGV%20%EC%9E%A5%EB%B9%84%EB%8A%94,%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%80%20%EC%97%85%EC%B2%B4%EB%8A%94%20%EC%A0%84%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%81%EC%9C%BC%EB%A1%9C%20%ED%95%84%EC%98%B5%ED%8B%B1%EC%8A%A4%EA%B0%80%20%EC%9C%A0%EC%9D%BC%ED%95%98%EB%8B%A4
- 출처 13: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Schmid,driven%20electronic%20devices
- 출처 14: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Schmid,driven%20electronic%20devices
- 출처 15: https://iconnect007.com/article/112938/schmid-and-avaco-collaborate-on-vacuum-processing-systems/112941/pcb#:~:text=which%20cannot%20be%20produced%20with,technology%20from%20SCHMID%20and%20AVACO
- 출처 16: https://schmid-group.com/schmid-group-presents-breakthrough-solutions-for-substrate-production-including-proprietary-embedded-trace-technology-for-organic-and-glass-substrates-at-international-semiconductor-executive-summit/#:~:text=Contact%3A%C2%A0press%40Schmid
- 출처 17: https://schmid-group.com/schmid-group-presents-breakthrough-solutions-for-substrate-production-including-proprietary-embedded-trace-technology-for-organic-and-glass-substrates-at-international-semiconductor-executive-summit/#:~:text=About%20SCHMID%20Group%20The%20SCHMID,solutions%20for%20the%20manufacture%20of
- 출처 18: https://schmid-group.com/schmid-group-presents-breakthrough-solutions-for-substrate-production-including-proprietary-embedded-trace-technology-for-organic-and-glass-substrates-at-international-semiconductor-executive-summit/#:~:text=,solutions%20to%20streamline%20their%20operations
- 출처 19: https://schmid-group.com/schmid-group-presents-breakthrough-solutions-for-substrate-production-including-proprietary-embedded-trace-technology-for-organic-and-glass-substrates-at-international-semiconductor-executive-summit/#:~:text=integration%2C%20and%20greater%20COWOS%20design,solutions%20to%20streamline%20their%20operations
- 출처 20: https://schmid-group.com/schmid-group-presents-breakthrough-solutions-for-substrate-production-including-proprietary-embedded-trace-technology-for-organic-and-glass-substrates-at-international-semiconductor-executive-summit/#:~:text=%2A%20Offering%20more%20than%2070,solutions%20to%20streamline%20their%20operations
- 출처 21: https://www.trendforce.com/news/2024/07/10/news-glass-substrate-mass-production-is-nearing-with-tech-giants-leading-the-way/#:~:text=Currently%2C%20with%20the%20emergence%20of,and%20create%20a%20diversified%20ecosystem
- 출처 22: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Image%3A%20ASK%20PCB%20
- 출처 23: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Avaco%20Co,in%20glass%20substrate%20packaging%20processes
- 출처 24: https://iconnect007.com/article/112938/schmid-and-avaco-collaborate-on-vacuum-processing-systems/112941/pcb#:~:text=which%20cannot%20be%20produced%20with,technology%20from%20SCHMID%20and%20AVACO
- 출처 25: https://iconnect007.com/article/112938/schmid-and-avaco-collaborate-on-vacuum-processing-systems/112941/pcb#:~:text=enabler%20for%20advanced%20materials%20processing,joint%20venture%20will%20focus%20on
- 출처 26: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Group%C2%A0%28Nasdaq%3A%20SHMD%29,in%20glass%20substrate%20packaging%20processes
- 출처 27: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Group%C2%A0%28Nasdaq%3A%20SHMD%29,in%20glass%20substrate%20packaging%20processes
- 출처 28: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=venture%2C%20Schmid,in%20glass%20substrate%20packaging%20processes
- 출처 29: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Schmid,driven%20electronic%20devices
- 출처 30: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Schmid,driven%20electronic%20devices
- 출처 31: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=electronic%20devices
- 출처 32: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=The%20company%20has%20already%20supplied,its%20technology%20for%20further%20validation
- 출처 33: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Avaco%20is%20negotiating%20equipment%20orders,for%20its%20innovation%20and%20performance
- 출처 34: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Image%3A%20ASK%20PCB%20
- 출처 35: https://schmid-group.com/schmid-group-presents-breakthrough-solutions-for-substrate-production-including-proprietary-embedded-trace-technology-for-organic-and-glass-substrates-at-international-semiconductor-executive-summit/#:~:text=,solutions%20to%20streamline%20their%20operations
- 출처 36: https://iconnect007.com/article/112938/schmid-and-avaco-collaborate-on-vacuum-processing-systems/112941/pcb#:~:text=which%20cannot%20be%20produced%20with,technology%20from%20SCHMID%20and%20AVACO
- 출처 37: https://www.ic-pcb.com/avaco-accelerates-entry-into-the-glass-substrate-market-through-schmid-partnership---pcb-manufacturing.html#:~:text=Schmid,driven%20electronic%20devices
- 출처 38: https://iconnect007.com/article/112938/schmid-and-avaco-collaborate-on-vacuum-processing-systems/112941/pcb#:~:text=sputter%20deposition%20systems%20for%20high,technology%20from%20SCHMID%20and%20AVACO
- 출처 39: https://iconnect007.com/article/112938/schmid-and-avaco-collaborate-on-vacuum-processing-systems/112941/pcb#:~:text=sputter%20deposition%20systems%20for%20high,technology%20from%20SCHMID%20and%20AVACO
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- 출처 41: https://iconnect007.com/article/112938/schmid-and-avaco-collaborate-on-vacuum-processing-systems/112941/pcb#:~:text=enabler%20for%20advanced%20materials%20processing,technology%20from%20SCHMID%20and%20AVACO
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