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DEEP RESEARCH · LX INTERNATIONAL

[LX International] Comparison with Japanese Trading Houses

A comparison of three Korean trading companies and Japan's five major trading houses through dividends, growth, valuation, and capital allocation

Date: 2025-02-09 · One-year and ten-year TSR view · Naver Blog

Investment decisions are your own responsibility. This material is research and is not a buy or sell recommendation.

0. Bottom line first

Under aggressive assumptions, I see LX International as the company with the highest potential total shareholder return. A 2024 expected PER of roughly 3x, PBR around 0.4x, a dividend yield in the 6% range, and the announced DPS of KRW 2,000 combine into a setup with both dividend income and share-price upside potential.

I may not know everything, so I will incorporate corrections if pointed out. This note compares LX International, POSCO International, and Samsung C&T with Japan's five major trading houses: Mitsui, Mitsubishi, Itochu, Marubeni, and Sumitomo, from a short-term investment perspective of less than one year.

  • I looked for the company with the highest ten-year total shareholder return after considering both dividends and growth.
  • The approach is aggressive and reflects commodity-market potential, cyclicality, Chinese domestic stimulus, and inflation.
  • I compared PER, PBR, dividend yield, ROE, earnings growth, and recent capital-allocation strategy.
Trading-house investment frameCompare valuation, shareholder returns, and business portfolios together
LX InternationalUndervaluation, high dividend, resources/logistics
POSCO Intl.Energy, food, mobility investment
Samsung C&TAsset value and diversified construction/trading
Japan fiveGlobal networks, resources, shareholder returns
Under aggressive assumptions, LX International has the strongest TSR setup due to low valuation and high dividend yield

1. Ten-year TSR view

Official fact: According to sources cited in the original post, LX International was presented at around 3x expected 2024 PER, around 0.4x PBR, and a dividend yield in the 6% range.

Interpretation: I see LX International as the most promising candidate for ten-year TSR. If earnings growth from resources such as coal and palm oil combines with the effect of consolidating logistics subsidiaries such as LX Pantos, both dividends and share-price upside can work at the same time.

Japanese trading houses can also deliver steady TSR through stable dividends and global portfolios. Itochu has lower earnings volatility due to its non-resource businesses and ROE around 15%, giving it capacity for dividend growth. Mitsui and Mitsubishi can also benefit from strengthened shareholder returns, 3-4% dividend yields, and global resource-development growth. However, after Warren Buffett's investment became widely known, Japanese trading houses have already been re-rated, reducing the extreme undervaluation they once had.

2. Capital allocation and dividend policy

LX

LX International

Key points are a three-year average payout ratio of 27%, about KRW 40 billion of share buybacks in 2020-2022, and 2024 DPS of KRW 2,000 with an indicated dividend yield of 8.1%. Actual cash flow versus operating profit should be checked because of factors such as LX Glass goodwill amortization.

POSCO

POSCO International

The company announced a KRW 5 trillion investment plan for 2024-2026 across energy including LNG, food materials, and mobility. The post cites KRW 1.3 trillion of cash and cash equivalents, KRW 3.3 trillion of retained earnings, internal cash generation, and possible bond issuance.

Samsung

Samsung C&T

The company is diversified across trading, construction, commercial facilities, and fashion, and it retired treasury shares at the end of 2022 while slightly increasing dividends. But the dividend yield is only around 2%, and conservative financial strategy plus asset-value management come first.

Japan

Five Japanese trading houses

Mitsubishi introduced a progressive dividend policy in 2016 and announced it would return 94% of FY2023 net income through dividends and buybacks. Itochu formalized a 50% total return ratio, and Sumitomo is reportedly considering a progressive dividend policy.

3. One-year view: China stimulus and inflation

Interpretation: Considering Chinese domestic stimulus and commodity-price increases from global inflation, I see LX International as the most attractive one-year candidate. If Chinese stimulus lifts demand for coal and palm oil, resource profitability can improve, and higher global logistics volume plus signs of SCFI rebound are also positive for logistics.

POSCO International may also benefit from higher energy prices through LNG development and from higher steel trading volumes if Chinese stimulus lifts steel demand. But with PBR around 1.3x and weaker dividend appeal, its short-term attractiveness looks lower than LX International's. Samsung C&T may get some trading-profit contribution from commodity inflation, but trading is not a large share of the overall business and construction faces raw-material cost pressure, making it more of a medium- to long-term case.

Japanese trading houses are classic beneficiaries of commodity-price upcycles because they hold many mining and oil-field stakes and have large grain and food-trading businesses. However, recent share-price gains reduce short-term upside, and Korean investors must consider constraints such as currency hedging.

4. Key metric comparison

Company/groupValuationProfitability/dividendAuthor's view
LX InternationalPER about 8.7x, 12-month forward PER 3-4x, PBR around 0.4xDividend yield about 8.1%; actual cash flow should be checked given amortization effects from the glass business and related consolidationHighest appeal due to the lowest valuation and high dividend yield
POSCO InternationalPER about 11x, PBR about 1.3xROE 8-9%, about 13% in a prior year with one-off strength, dividend yield 2.5-3%High growth, but much of it appears reflected in valuation
Samsung C&TPER about 10x, PBR about 0.6xROE around 6%, dividend yield just over 2%Undervalued versus asset value, but low profitability metrics are the limit
Five Japanese trading housesBroadly PER around 7x and PBR around 1.3x; Itochu around 10x PERROE 10-15%, expected dividend yield 3-5%; some such as Marubeni and Sumitomo exceed 5%High quality appeal, but absolute undervaluation has diminished after re-rating

5. Competitive gap between Korean and Japanese trading companies

Official fact: The original post describes Japanese trading houses as having portfolios spanning mineral and energy development, grain and food procurement, manufacturing investments, distribution, and consumer goods, which has translated into market confidence above 1x PBR.

Interpretation: Japanese trading houses are ahead of Korean trading companies in global networks, resource-development capability, financial capability, capital efficiency, and shareholder returns. Korean trading companies are smaller, but they have strengths in focused specialties and more agile strategic changes. POSCO International is expanding into energy, food, and mobility, while LX International is moving into logistics and renewable resources, benchmarking Japan's integrated business-company model.

Samsung C&T has strength in infrastructure by leveraging its top global construction capability, while POSCO International supports its parent group's steel value chain. Still, Korean trading companies often have single-digit ROE and trade below 1x PBR. I see this as evidence that the market is not yet convinced about their sustainable earnings power.

6. Items to verify

LX International's KRW 2,000 dividend announced on February 9 was higher than market expectations. This may suggest the company sees its future positively or that there are cash-flow improvement factors that have not yet been formally announced.

  1. Recent quarterly results and changes in operating cash flow (OCF) and investing cash flow (ICF)
  2. Dividend-payout ratio trends over the past three to five years and whether the dividend increase is sustainable
  3. Whether stronger shareholder returns are a structural policy or a one-off decision
  4. Whether nickel, coal, palm-oil prices and logistics improvement are translating into additional cash flow
  5. Whether there remains funding capacity for M&A and other investments after the dividend increase

I will assess these factors together to see how the dividend announcement connects to future earnings and cash flow.

Sources